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Chemistry Practice Questions for Super TET: Periodic Table, Chemical Compounds, and Materials

This lecture covers high-yield chemistry practice questions for the Super TET examination. It reviews the structure and trends of the modern periodic table, properties of important acids, bases, and salts, and the composition of practical alloys and polymers.

Teaching
Chemistry
English · 5 topics
Checked against the video on 25 Oct 2026

Made by AI from the YouTube video SUPER TET 2026 Science | Class 28 | पदार्थ एवं पदार्थ की अवस्थाएँ Part-2 | 70 MCQ Practice (opens YouTube in a new tab) by Balaji Study Adda, then checked against it. All credit for the teaching goes to the creator. Tap a topic’s time to confirm a fact in the video.

Chemistry Practice Questions for Super TET: Periodic Table, Chemical Compounds, and Materials

English5 topics · 6 MCQs · 11 flashcardsWatch the video (opens YouTube in a new tab)

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In short

This lecture covers high-yield chemistry practice questions for the Super TET examination. It reviews the structure and trends of the modern periodic table, properties of important acids, bases, and salts, and the composition of practical alloys and polymers.

Modern Periodic Table: Structure and Periodic Trends

Must knowThe modern periodic table was formulated in 1913 by Henry Moseley based on atomic numbers.
The modern periodic table contains a total of 118 elements, arranged sequentially from atomic number 1 to 118.
The lanthanide series consists of f-block elements with atomic numbers ranging from 57 to 71.
Metalloids such as boron and silicon are primarily located within the p-block between metals and non-metals.
Must knowAcross any period from left to right, the atomic radius decreases due to increasing nuclear charge.
Moving down any group from top to bottom, the ionization energy decreases because atomic size increases, loosening nuclear hold on outer electrons.

Periodic Trend	Across a Period (Left to Right)	Down a Group (Top to Bottom)
Atomic Radius	Decreases	Increases
Ionization Energy	Increases	Decreases

Periodic Groups and Properties of Elements

Halogen elements like fluorine, chlorine, and bromine are located in Group 17 of the periodic table.
Group 1 elements, including lithium, sodium, and potassium, are classified as alkali metals.
Must knowUranium is the heaviest naturally occurring element found in nature.
Oxygen group elements (chalcogens), such as oxygen, sulfur, and selenium, belong to Group 16.
Lithium is the lightest metal among all metals, while osmium is the densest and heaviest metal.
Bromine is the only non-metal that exists in a liquid state at room temperature.
Must knowGold is the most ductile element, capable of being drawn into several kilometers of wire from just one gram.
Cesium has an extremely low melting point and can melt when placed on the human palm, while platinum is a noble, highly corrosion-resistant metal that never rusts.

Important Acids, Bases, and Everyday Chemicals

Sulfuric acid is highly corrosive, absorbs water, is used in batteries and fertilizers, and is known as the "king of chemicals".
Must knowNitric acid is a colorless, pungent fuming acid that turns yellow in sunlight and is used to manufacture fertilizers and explosives.
Calcium oxide is a white solid used to treat acidic soil and in the manufacture of cement, releasing heat when reacting with water.
Sodium bicarbonate is used in fire extinguishers and antacids because it releases carbon dioxide gas upon heating to extinguish flames.
Carbon dioxide is non-combustible, soluble in water, and used in cold drinks (effervescence) and dry ice production.
Ammonia produces a basic aqueous solution with a pungent smell and is utilized in refrigeration, nylon synthesis, and fertilizer manufacturing.
Must knowChlorine acts as a disinfectant in water purification and is used in the synthesis of PVC.
Pure gold purity is traditionally tested using a touchstone known as kasoti.
Matchstick heads contain potassium chlorate, whereas the striking surface of a matchbox contains red phosphorus.
Silica (SiO2, sand) is the main constituent of glass, and bleaching powder (CaOCl2) serves as a water disinfectant.

Atmospheric Gases, Solutions, and Indicators

Hydrogen gas is the lightest and highly combustible gas, burning with a characteristic pop sound and used in rocket fuel and vegetable oil hydrogenation.
Nitrogen gas constitutes about 78% of the atmosphere and is used in food packaging to prevent oxidation and spoilage.
Must knowMethane (CH4) is released from marshy areas and is commonly known as marsh gas.
Radon is the heaviest known gas and is radioactive in nature.
The normal pH range of human blood is slightly basic, staying between 7.35 and 7.45.
Must knowToothpaste has a basic pH of 9 to 10 to neutralize mouth acids and prevent bacterial tooth decay caused by lactic acid.
Phenolphthalein indicator remains colorless in acidic solutions and turns pink in basic solutions.
Turmeric is a natural indicator that turns red-brown when exposed to basic substances like soap.
Red cabbage indicator exhibits a red color in acidic medium and a green-blue color in basic medium.
Moisture indicator cobalt chloride turns pink when exposed to humidity, while methyl orange has a natural orange-red color, turning red in acid and yellow in base.

Indicator	Acidic Color	Basic Color
Phenolphthalein	Colorless	Pink
Turmeric	Yellow	Red-brown
Red Cabbage	Red	Green-blue
Methyl Orange	Red	Yellow

Alloys, Laboratory Equipment, and Polymers

Must knowGerman silver contains copper, nickel, and zinc, but contains no silver.
Duralumin is a light and strong alloy composed of aluminum, copper, magnesium, and manganese, utilized in aircraft and railway coaches.
Nichrome is an alloy of nickel, chromium, and iron with high electrical resistance and high melting point, used in heater coils and toasters.
Must knowAmalgam refers to any alloy containing mercury as an essential component, utilized in dental fillings.
Magnalium (aluminum and magnesium) is light and corrosion-resistant, used for cameras and furniture, while gun metal contains copper, tin, and zinc.
Solder is an alloy of tin and lead with a low melting point, used to join electrical wires.
In laboratory apparatus, a burette is used for accurate liquid measurement during titration, and a watch glass is used for holding or drying small samples.
Teflon (PTFE) provides a chemical-resistant non-stick coating for cookware, whereas bakelite is a thermosetting plastic used for electrical switches and plugs.
Synthetic wool fibers for sweaters and blankets are made from acrylic, while ropes and fishing nets utilize strong nylon fibers.
Must knowCobalt oxide imparts a blue color to glass, whereas chromium oxide imparts a green color.

Alloy	Composition	Primary Use
Duralumin	Aluminum, Copper, Magnesium, Manganese	Aircraft and rail coaches
Nichrome	Nickel, Chromium, Iron	Heater coils and toasters
Solder	Tin, Lead	Electrical soldering

Key terms

Modern Periodic Table: A tabular arrangement of 118 chemical elements organized by atomic number, developed by Henry Moseley.
Amalgam: An alloy formed by combining mercury with one or more other metals, commonly used in dentistry.
Kasoti: A traditional touchstone used by goldsmiths to test the purity of gold.
Analgesic: A class of medicinal drugs, such as paracetamol and ibuprofen, specifically used to relieve pain.
Thermosetting Plastic: A polymer like bakelite that retains its rigidity and acts as an electrical insulator and heat-resistant material.

Quick revision

Read these the night before the exam.

Henry Moseley introduced the modern periodic table based on atomic numbers in 1913.
Atomic radius decreases across a period, while ionization energy decreases down a group.
The lanthanide series consists of f-block elements from atomic numbers 57 to 71.
Uranium is the heaviest naturally occurring element in nature.
Bromine is the only non-metal found in a liquid state at room temperature.
German silver consists of copper, nickel, and zinc, containing zero percent silver.
Dental amalgam always contains mercury mixed with other metals.
Matchstick heads are coated with potassium chlorate, while the matchbox rubbing surface contains red phosphorus.
The normal pH of human blood ranges between 7.35 and 7.45.
Teflon (PTFE) is used for non-stick cookware coatings.
Cobalt oxide gives glass a deep blue color, whereas chromium oxide gives it a green color.

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